HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT

Mak Business Enterprise (P.) Ltd.

v.

O.L. of Ambica Mills Ltd.

M.S. SHAH AND K.A. PUJ, JJ.

O.J. APPEAL NO. 147 OF 2007

July 5, 2007

 

Section 457, read with sections 565 and 566, of the Companies Act,  1956 - Winding up - Powers of Official Liquidator - Office premises of a company, under liquidation, were put for sale through newspaper advertisement - A firm consisting of two partners with equal shares offered highest price and Company Court confirmed sale in favour of that firm - Before full payment was made, firm was reconstituted by admitting five new partners who were relatives of existing two partners - Existing two partners were given 45 per cent share each while new partners were given 2 per cent each - Meanwhile said firm was converted into company (appellant) and their shareholding in company remained in same proportion as their share was in firm - Appellant company preferred application requesting for execution of sale deed in its favour which was rejected by Company Court - Whether since five new partners inducted in firm were close relatives of original partners and were given only nominal share for purpose of reconstituting firm as having seven partners for purpose of converting firm into a joint stock company under section 565/566, it could be concluded that to all intent and proposes appellant company which had requested for execution of sale deed in its favour was same entity whose highest offer had been accepted by Company Court and, therefore, Official Liquidator was to be directed to execute sale deed/conveyance deed in favour of appellant-company - Held, yes

FACTS

The office premises of company ‘A’, under liquidation, were put for sale through publics advertisement as per the directions of Company Court. In the bidding, ‘M’, firm of two partners with equal shares, made the highest bid of Rs. 7.35 crores and the company Court confirmed the sale in its favour on 28-12-2006 with some conditions, one of which was that no nomination shall be permitted. Accordingly ‘M’ made payments on 25-1-2007 and 24-4-2007. In the mean time, on 4-4-2007, the appellant-company preferred company application pointing out, inter alia, that after confirmation of sale ‘M’ inducted five new partners, by giving 45 per cent share to each of the old partners and 2 per cent each to five new partners, and a fresh deed was made on 17-2-2007. It was further stated that, after making first payment, the said partnership ‘M’ had been converted into a company with the seven erstwhile partners as shareholders with same percentage of shareholding as they had in the firm, and hence, the application was preferred for necessary directions to the Official Liquidator to accept the remaining amount from the appellant-company and to execute the sale deed in respect of the said property in favour of the appellant company.  The Company Judge found that the partnership firm (with seven partners) converted into the joint stock company was not the same firm with two partners in whose favour the sale had been confirmed on 28-12-2006. thus, the Company Judge rejected the application and passed strictures against the advocate for misleading the Court that the same partnership firm with the same partners, who were there at the time of confirmation of sale, had been converted into company.

On appeal:

HELD

There was considerable substance in the substance in the submission made on behalf of the appellant Company that the two partners of partnership firm ‘M’ which had made the highest offer of Rs. 7.35 crores (which offer was accepted by the Company Judge on 28-12-2006) subsequently also continued to have substantial controlling interest of 90 per cent in the reconstituted partnership firm with seven partners and continued to have the same shareholding 90 per cent in the newly formed joint stock Company. The five other partners inducted in the partnership firm were close relative of the original partners and were given only nominal share of 2 per cent each for the purpose of reconstituting the firm as having seven partners for the purpose of converting the firm into a joint stock company under section 565/566 of the companies Act. Hence, to all intent and purposes and in sum and substance the appellant company which had requested for execution of the sale deed in its favour was the same entity which had made the highest offer which was accepted by the Company Judge. [Para 9]

In view of the above the appeal was to be allowed and the impugned order dated 9-5-2007 was to be set aside. The remarks made by the Company Judge in the above order against advocate were also to be expunged. The Official Liquidator was directed that in view of full payment of Rs. 7.35 crores by the ‘M’ appellant Company, the Official Liquidator would execute the sale deed/conveyance deed in favour of the appellant company. [Para 15]

PER COURT:

Having regard to the practical realities of the business world with which the Company Court has to deal with day in and day out, and that the Company Court has to deal with this aspect in all Court auction sales, it was viewed that there need not be absolute embargo on nomination facility. Nomination facility is being allowed by the High Court exercising jurisdiction under the Companies Act for the last many decades. The Court can take judicial notice of the fact that the ultimate purchasers of the property or the end-users generally do not themselves participate in such auction sales and in any case, never in large numbers. It may be on account of the delays in the Court proceedings or uncertainties in such proceedings or any other reason that the end-users may be shying away from Court auction sales, but the fact remains that a number of persons dealing in plant and machinery or real estate do participate in such auction sales. If the nomination facility were to be prohibited altogether, the number of parties participating in the Court auction sales would considerably go down. This would not be in the interest of ultimate beneficiaries i.e. secured creditors and workmen who are ordinarily the only persons getting share of the sale proceeds.

Assuming that nomination facility is likely to result into loss of stamp duty to the State, this aspect can be suitably taken care of by providing a disincentive to the auction purchaser who wants to avail of the nomination facility. This may be done by imposing a condition like ‘if the sale deed/conveyance deed is to be executed in favour of a nominee, the auction purchaser/nominee shall have to pay additional 10 per cent to the Official Liquidator as additional purchase consideration for buying the concerned property put up for sale.

Such a condition requiring the purchaser or nominee to pay additional purchase consideration can only be incorporated in the terms and conditions of sale being prepared at the time of inviting the bids, but not at a later stage after opening the bids or after inter se bidding.